Antibiotic pharmacodermias
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35954/SM2020.39.2.2Keywords:
Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects; Skin Diseases; Drug Hypersensitivity; Skin Manifestations; Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ; Drug TherapyAbstract
Pharmacodermias are skin diseases caused by drugs. They are a frequent complication in daily medical practice. This type of reaction represents 30% of adverse drug reactions and 5% of dermatological consultations. The clinician plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis, being the dermatologist who can best define the clinical patterns of cutaneous manifestations and collaborate in the identification of the causative agent. They are considered as great simulators, ranging from mild forms in most cases to severe life-threatening skin reactions in 2% of cases. Any pharmacological treatment can cause a pharmacoderma, the majority of episodes produced by a few groups, with antibacterials standing out among the most implicated. Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations, association with a drug and correlation with histopathological findings. The cornerstone of treatment lies in the identification and prompt withdrawal of the suspected drug. A descriptive review of adverse cutaneous reactions produced by antibacterial administration is made, describing those frequently involved as well as the different morphologic patterns of presentation.
Recibido para evaluación: Enero 2020 Aceptado para publicación: Junio 2020
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